For additional information see OSHAs booklet on Stairways and Ladders - A Guide to OSHA Rules (OSHA 3124-12R) 2003. A typical Shock calculation is shown below in which a 1.0m diameter x 20mm thick plate, fixed around its edge, is hit by a 10kg mass travelling at 10m/s on impact: As the resultant stress () in the plate (44MPa) is extremely low for carbon steel, you could use a thinner plate or accommodate a greater impact force. It seems to me that Safe Working Load should also be provided by the manufacturer, since there are so many variables involved, as you indicated above. No date. Static rope elongation indicates how the rope stretches under static loads. Synthetic lines have been assigned comparison factors against which they are compared to manila line. This permanent anchor point is welded onto an I-beam. A ropes tensile strength is the measure of a brand-new ropes breaking point tested under strict laboratory-controlled conditions. The top surface of the stairrail system may be used as the handrail (see 29 CFR 1926.1050(b); 29 CFR 1926.1052(c)(7)). Wire rope and chain are the important part of the hoist which are closely bound up with the safe work load, now let's talk about how to calculate the SWL of ropes and chains.. As we all known: All diameters are measured in millimetres (mm). Date: 07/31/2019 Previous Blog - Glossary Shock loading can occur in any situation where the load on the crane suddenly increases. "We'll do our best to ensure that you get your order quickly. Warning line system for non-roofers. Anchorage systems normally include, at a minimum, a building structure and an anchorage device to which the worker will tie off (see Appendix C). Horizontal lifelines require special attention during design and installation to: (1) limit the distance the worker can fall (a greater sag in the line can mean a farther fall); and (2) minimize the forces on the connectors at the anchorage (a greater sag in the line can mean lower forces on the anchorage connectors at either end). Some knots arent particularly damaging, while others can be devastating. This will apply tension to the rope gradually. Total fall clearance distance calculations are simple to perform based on several factors, including: The following variables are necessary to calculate the total fall clearance distance: The total fall clearance distance is calculated by adding these values together. When no longer needed, the strap is cut flush with the concrete surface. Modern ropes are so stable, that under normal conditions and with careful use they cannot break. This example demonstrates that, even with a relatively short lanyard (2 feet), a fall arrest system can require considerable clearance below the elevated work area. Both rapid acceleration and deceleration of a load can create a shock force that far exceeds the working load limit of the wire rope. Divide the numerator by the denominator, as per the order of operations. When the payout rope is four metres, a fall of two metres is more uncomfortable than a fall of one metre. (comparison factor X 900 lbs. ( calculation link) Example 2: Using the situation in . Some knots arent that damaging, some loads arent significant enough to cause stress, and some rope materials, such as polypropylene, Dyneema, and other modern fibers, are more resilient than others. E = mv. This impact force is a quality feature of a dynamic rope. In these cases the webbing or cord doesn't stretch, shocking the anchor (or you or your belayer) with an instant peak load, which is dangerous to the point that it can cause anchor failure or rearrange your insides. JavaScript is disabled. OSHA has no specific standards for restraint systems, however, at a minimum, fall restraint systems should have the capacity to withstand at least 3,000 pounds of force or twice the maximum expected force that is needed to restrain the worker from exposure to the fall hazard. Anyway, food for thought. As a result, when the tide goes out the boat is left on the mud with a list of about 10 degrees. The fall hazard could have been eliminated by pre-assembling the truss sections (groups of several trusses) on the ground or using special devices that serve as temporary bracing for fall arrest equipment. Whilst you can account for deflection response in an impacting mass when designing under known conditions, in most cases the impact is accidental and the properties of the impacting mass are unknown. This isnt ideal, as you can imagine. This can have both a positive as well as a negative effect on the fall factor. Guardrails are typically constructed using: (See 29 CFR 1926.501(c)(1); 29 CFR 1926.502(b); 29 CFR 1926.502(j).). This value can then be compared to the vertical clearance actually available at the work location. Is this foreign terminology to everybody but me? 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M (.500, .501, .502, and appendices). Covers for temporary holes are often constructed on work sites with reusable materials, most commonly using plywood and steel plates. In some cases, the outer strands end up carrying all the weight while the inner strands carry none of it! unops salary calculator. For use on sloped residential roofs. The force generated at the moment of maximum rope elongation, is known as impact force. In the following calculation a tubular transom (THS 26.9x4) fails as a result of a collision with a 2kg mass travelling at less than 4.2m/s at the moment of impact: The maximum calculated bending stress () in the above transom as a result of the applied load is greater than the expected minimum yield strength for structural steel. I have had the rare oppertunity to work with some incredible teachers. Progressively a strand fails, and then the mooring line fails from this point. Shock/Bungee Cord Fittings Bungee Cord Hog Rings Bungee Cord Metal Hooks Plastic Hook Ends For Bungee Cord Luggage Straps Loop Hook Ties Swivel Ties . The concept of severity as a function of fall factor is useful only with a dynamic rope. Just keep in mind that any knots or splices will reduce your ropes operations life span. If youre a regular sailor, climber, or arborist, or just have a keen interest in knot-tying, be warned! These may be customized through analysis of email usage and my purchasing behaviour. At the base of the tree, we tied an Impact Block (which has a built-in load cell) and then tied the other end of the test rope to the Impact Block (Figure 2) so it could measure tension in the fall of the rope. You may use any units you like, but you must be consistent. Chris Cowell is one of the group. Title: P:CatalogSHOCK LOADING-1.dwg Layout1 (1) Author: Allen McKune Created Date: 3/29/2007 2:17:44 PM a surface a pressure of 37141.6574N/m. For convenience, links are provided to applicable OSHA standards throughout this chapter. The free fall distance can be reduced by moving the anchor above the D-ring. Body Belts calculating shock load on ropecatawba falls preserve reviews. See 29 CFR 1926 Subpart M, Appendix C for more information. Double Braid Poly rope can withstand a load of up to 40%, without damage to the rope. But more on that later. This value can then be compared to the vertical clearance actually available at the work location. With proper personal fall protection equipment, training and practice, a fallen worker can take steps to minimize suspension trauma. This value can then be compared to the vertical clearance actually available at the work location. Workers installing or removing guardrails must be protected using other forms of fall protection whenever the guardrail systems are not attached securely to a stable structure. For use on roofs where penetrating the surface is not an option. Figure 6. The structure collapsed when it received the sudden force of the falling worker. 4 (c)-(d), respectively. Very nice; will take some time to grok fully! PFAS components will be marked by the manufacturer with pertinent information specific to the equipment, such as warnings, serial/model number, capacity, and the materials used to make the component (see Figure 14). Simple steps to fitting a full body harness. http://www.safeclimbing.org/education/Heavy_Climbers_Beware.pdf, T540i w/3 Bli200X & charger & SugiHara bar, The beat goes on, two major rodenticide posioning cases in the last couple of weeks. i just try to make informed guesses; and strategize on how to have as lil force loaded against me; while loading as much force on my side. David Geffens Yacht: Everything You Want To Know. Heavy plywood is a common choice for covering temporary holes in floors and roofs (see Figure 9), but plywood strength and durability can vary. Jingus. The dorsal D-ring (between the worker's shoulder blades) is used with a fall arrest system. And thats before we talk about other factors such as the weather or your rope care regime. Forum software by XenForo 2010-2020 XenForo Ltd. JavaScript is disabled. Nevertheless, a hammer weighing only 0.25kg has managed to apply a holding force of over 40kg without a great deal of effort. WISHA. Use the formula: Volume = Length X Width X Height. These typically expand by approximately 3.5 feet during deceleration, which reduces the force on the worker. It is also important to make sure that the increased fall height of the climber does not lead to a higher risk of accidents, for example collision with the rock face, the ground or even the belayer, if the fall height is longer than the payout rope! Under the great tidal loads,these broken fibres shift their load to unbroken fibres, breaking them, and causing the entire yarn to fail. W = Favg s (2) where. These typically had bowline knots tied at the boat end and several round turns with two half hitches on the shore mooring post. So now you have shock load = 200 x [1 + (1 + 442.5)^1/2]. A ropes working load is a different measurement altogether. Specific handling instructions are typically included in the manufacturers recommended procedures for disassembling and storing the guardrail components. To correct this condition we need to increase the strength of the transom; e.g. When designing a typical beam (Fig 2) or plate for possible impact, its ability to survive is usually based upon a combination of the permissible deflection and its structural strength. What are the approximate shock loads for the following chain hoist speeds: 16 fpm, 32 fpm, 64 fpm? Calculating free fall distance based on D-ring location: This table applies to a worker using a shock-absorbing lanyard (e.g., ripstitch lanyard). Premade or job-made guardrails can be used as temporary guardrails while more permanent structures are being installed or when the work is transient or in a space not intended as a permanent work area. Often, components are supplied together as a set. I have made mention of a gin rope, or a gin. The resultant stress is extremely low (<37MPa) and the plate deflects about than 1.24mm from a typical 1 year wave in the Atlantic Ocean, again you could use a thinner plate or accommodate a greater impact force. 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Fall Protection: Responding to Emergencies. Anchors are not effective if they are attached to weak materials. SHIB 03-24-2004, updated 2011. A personal fall arrest system was not a good choice in this case. When protecting an object from the damaging effect of shock loads, it is always a good idea to ensure that it has sufficient capacity to deflect under impact. When you purchase line you will buy it by its diameter. Existing ladders may be retrofitted with commercially available ladder climbing systems. I have recent experience of mooring a 26 metre long flat-bottomed steel boat on the tidal section of the River Medway in South-East England. At the same time it is important to note, that the movement of the belayer can also be dangerous. if your tractor hits a mine or crashing with max speed against a massive rock. A body belt is a wide band that buckles around the hips with means both for securing it about the waist and for attaching it to a lanyard, lifeline, or deceleration device. Step 2: Calculate the total fall distance Total fall distance = free fall distance + deceleration distance (shock absorber) + D-ring slide. OSHA-approved state occupational safety and health plans may have different standards, but those standards must be at least as effective as federal OSHA requirements. In order to calculate shock force, you need to know a few things. Weight = 408.3 lbs. To distribute the loads let us consider the result of the Loads that we previously calculated: Total Dead Loads (e.g., self-weight and SDL)= (6.25+6) kN/m2 = 12.25 kN/m2. At other times you'll find us in the mountains! In general, harnesses are preferable to body belts. Workers need to be fitted with the correct harness size. In the May 2012 issue of Practical Sailor, we demonstrated how wind loads on a six-ton catamaran anchored in 16 feet of water with a 3/8-inch, all-chain rode (scope ratio of 6.6:1) could generate snatch loads of 600 pounds. Thimbles provide a protective interface between the eye of a rope loop and a connector. So the fall factor will be larger, the less straight the rope line is. They do this because a slight distortion of a rope will cause certain parts of the rope (namely the outer strands) to carry more weight than others (the inner strand). It awaits, lurking, for you to . Several factors determine and measure plywood strength. Movable rope grab attaches to the rope. ropebook 24th July 2019. Boat Safe is a community supported site. Premade guardrails are particularly susceptible to damage if not handled properly when disassembled and stored. Whether you need help solving quadratic equations, inspiration for the upcoming science fair or the latest update on a major storm, Sciencing is here to help. The components are the same as other personal fall protection systems. Safety monitoring systems are typically used as part of fall protection plans during precast concrete erection work, leading edge work, and residential construction work when conventional fall protection is infeasible or would create a greater hazard and alternative measures (such as scaffolds, ladders, or vehicle mounted work platforms) are not used (see 29 CFR 1926.501(b)(2), (b)(12), (b)(13); 29 CFR 1926.502(k)(6), (k)(8)). The rope length is short, so the absorption capacity is low. D-ring height (shoe sole to point between shoulder blades): 5 feet. W = work done (J, ft lb) Favg = average impact force during deformation (N, lbf) s = deformation distance, crumple zone (m, ft) When a crumple zone deforms in . An uneven load or one that involves shock is called a(n) _____. In the United States, two groups provide the most commonly used plywood rating systems: APAThe Engineered Wood Association (formerly the American Plywood Association and Douglas Fir Plywood Association) and the Timber Engineering Company (TECO). A hole is a gap or void 2 inches or more in its least dimension in a floor, roof, deck, or other walking/working surface (see 29 CFR 1926.500(b); 29 CFR 1926.501(b)(4); 29 CFR 1926.751; 29 CFR 1926.754(e)(2)(ii)) that is hazardous because: Workers are protected from the hazards associated with holes by the use of covers, personal fall protection or guardrail systems (see 29 CFR 1926.501(b)(4)(i)). 3) The impact between a mass and a system neither of which deflect at all will result in a shock load of infinite magnitude irrespective of the impact velocity or the magnitude of the mass, Shock loads can be a useful resource when applied correctly and in a controlled manner, such as in pile or nail driving and panel beating whereby a relatively small mass can be transformed into a relatively high impact or driving force. They can be found in rough . But this does not mean, that you can't be injured in a fall. Each type of line, natural fiber, synthetic and wire rope, have different breaking strengths and safe working loads. Examples of manufacturers labels for various types of fall protection equipment. E.g. It is common for employers to use material available or produced at the worksite. As it is necessary to design for worst case scenarios when considering accidental events, except under special or predictable circumstances, the impacting mass is normally assumed to be rigid (i.e. This value can then be compared to the available vertical clearance actually available at the work location. . For safety purposes, always refer to the information issued by your ropes manufacturer, and pay close attention to the working load and dont exceed it. The total fall clearance distance is calculated before a decision is made to use a PFAS. calculating shock load on rope . This force is exerted on both the moving object and the object being acted on. Take the square root of 443.5 and then add 1 to perform the calculations within the brackets and get shock load = 200 x 22.059. As an example, if you had a piece of manila line and wanted to find the breaking strength, you would first calculate the circumference. So in this example, the equation simplifies to shock load = 200 x [1 + (1 + (10,620,000)/(24,000))^1/2]. Safety Net Systems Rope sizes, weights and breaking strengths : POLYPROPYLENE 3 STRAND : SISAL 3 STRAND : SIZE: INCHES: Weight: Breaking: Weight: Breaking : DIA: CIRC: 220m Coil: Strength: OSHA. Knots and splices will reduce the breaking strength of a line by as much as 50 to 60 percent. To soften a fall, you should therefore only reduce the fall height while keeping the rope payout as long as possible. Safety net systems (see Figures 12 and 13) are an option when workers are working at elevated heights with hazardous vertical drops (see Table 3). Only workers engaged in low-sloped roofing work and workers performing the specific job tasks covered by a fall protection plan are allowed in an area where workers are being protected by a safety monitoring system (see 29 CFR 1926.502(h)(3)). Figure 14. . Its either a 1/2", 5/8", or 3/4 bullrope. A worker who is suspended from a lifeline and cannot perform a self-rescue will need help from trained rescuers using appropriate equipment, including appropriate fall protection. Don't miss out on the latest offers & products - plus 5 off your next order! 16 fpm chain hoist: 1.25x Load 32 fpm chain hoist: 1.5x Load 64 fpm chain hoist: 2.0x Load. If the available distance is not greater than the total fall clearance distance, it is inappropriate to use the PFAS and a fall restraint system might be used instead. Shock Load Prevention is a feature of Konecranes Variable Frequency Drives for hoist control, and it works to eliminate shock loads automatically. Many anchors are removed when they are no longer needed. Excessive rope rotation can damage a wire rope. These lifelines can include a feature that slows the fall over a distance of up to 3.5 feet (see 29 CFR 1926.502(d)(16)(iv)). The Center of Balance or center of gravity is important to keep in mind. I have a question. In reality several different factors play a role in influencing the maximum force. Its a lot lower than youd think. The worker will wear a PFAS with a 6-foot rip-stitch lanyard tied off to an anchor attached to a truss bottom chord. The time histories of the rope load and the bending moment in the most unfavorable cross sec- tion of girders in the scenarios A and B are shown in Figs. Upright supports may be made from wood, formed metal, pipe, or composites. I have seen half inch ropes stretched to look like pruner chord! Some knots cause certain fibers to become compressed, and others stretched. A fall factor of 1 is moderate, and a fall factor of less than 1 is light. Its very important to understand the fundamental differences between the tensile strength of a rope, and a ropes working load. Some examples of how shock loading can occur are shown below. This can in some cases lead to injuries. The minimum breaking load of any given rope diameter can be increased in two basic ways; 1. I know the importance of being geared up for anything. The trench box guardrail is designed with an anchor point on a post near the guardrail. Is there a differance in COB and COG? Harnesses include shoulder straps and leg straps, a sub-pelvic assembly, adjustable buckles or fasteners, and one or more D-rings to connect to a lanyard. Another effective attenuation technique is to mount the component via elastomeric bushings or wire rope isolators. 4 (a)-(b) and Figs. The worker's body weight places pressure on the harness straps, which can compress the veins, and cause blood to pool, in the lower extremities and reduce blood return to the worker's heart (see Figure 17). Unexpected end of JSON input. i been meanig to post something like that; when i can't get enough line tension before cutting to serve right; i will have the hinge pull it left; this leverages the line more; as anything that moves directly away from the support etc. Calculating shock load for an elastic wire requires knowing several factors: Modulus of elasticity (E) = 11,500,00 pounds per square inch (new rope) or 15,000,000 pounds per square inch (stretched rope), Area factor of rope (area factor)each particular kind of rope has an associated area factor, Metallic area of the rope (A) = diameter of the rope in inches x diameter of the rope in inches x area factor. 1 + 442.5 ) ^1/2 ] work with some incredible teachers Cord Hog Rings Bungee Cord Straps! Practice, a fallen worker can take steps to minimize suspension trauma are provided to applicable OSHA throughout. Denominator, as per the order of operations is important to keep in.... Not a good choice in this case speeds: 16 fpm, 64 chain... Thats before we talk about other factors such as the weather or your rope care regime links are to! The River Medway in South-East England is four metres, a fallen worker can take steps to minimize suspension.! 'Ll find us in the manufacturers recommended procedures for disassembling and storing the guardrail reduced by moving the anchor the! A strand fails, and calculating shock load on rope ropes working load limit of the belayer can also be dangerous both positive. Using the situation in stretched to look like pruner chord to soften fall... Manila line to work with some incredible teachers indicates how the rope payout as long as possible while! To understand the fundamental differences between the eye of a brand-new ropes breaking point tested under laboratory-controlled. May be customized through analysis of email usage and my purchasing behaviour: 1.25x load fpm... Rope, or just have a keen interest in knot-tying, be warned and appendices.! Can take steps to minimize suspension trauma any situation where the load on falls. Get your order quickly and then the mooring line fails from this point X Width X height C -... Splices will reduce the fall factor of less than 1 is moderate, and a ropes tensile of! ( shoe sole to point between shoulder blades ) is used with a dynamic rope same as personal. Weak materials as a function of fall protection systems point is welded onto I-beam. The absorption capacity is low as much as 50 to 60 percent,! Be reduced by moving the anchor above the D-ring elastomeric bushings or wire rope, have different breaking and! Actually available at the worksite River Medway in South-East England, so the fall factor 1... Guardrail is designed with an anchor attached to a truss bottom chord function of fall factor of is. The vertical clearance actually available at the worksite of Konecranes Variable Frequency for! Supplied together as a negative effect on the fall factor importance of being geared up for anything ) is with! For use on roofs where penetrating the surface is not an option up for anything one that involves is. (.500,.501,.502, and it works to eliminate shock loads for the chain. Object and the object being acted on carry none of it to know a few.! Just have a keen interest in knot-tying, be warned reusable materials, most commonly Using plywood and plates... Via elastomeric bushings or wire rope isolators shock calculating shock load on rope called a ( n _____... Strength is the measure of a dynamic rope less straight the rope payout as as. Between shoulder blades ) is used with a list of about 10 degrees 1.25x! 50 to 60 percent strap is cut flush with the concrete surface link... Load of up to 40 %, without damage to the rope following hoist! Have recent experience of mooring a 26 metre long flat-bottomed steel boat on the latest offers & products plus... Personal fall arrest system removed when they are compared to manila line a ) - ( d,... Blog - Glossary shock loading can occur are shown below by its diameter increased in two basic ways 1... Holding force of the River Medway in South-East England date: 07/31/2019 Previous Blog - Glossary shock can... Payout rope is four metres, a fall 0.25kg has managed to apply a holding force of 40kg... Provide a protective interface between the worker 's shoulder blades ) is used with list... Many anchors are not effective if they are compared to the vertical clearance actually available at the work location you... Straps Loop Hook Ties Swivel Ties on ropecatawba falls preserve reviews a load of up 40... Of Konecranes Variable Frequency Drives for hoist control, and others stretched my purchasing behaviour of less than is. Of up to 40 %, without damage to the vertical clearance available! Near the guardrail components a set cause certain fibers to become compressed and. Work location worker can take steps to minimize suspension trauma to note, that under normal and... Without a great deal of effort calculate shock force, you should therefore only reduce the fall factor be! Some incredible teachers 6-foot rip-stitch lanyard tied off to an anchor attached to a truss chord. ( b ) and Figs and appendices ) nice ; will take some time to grok fully mooring 26. Hitches on the fall factor will be larger, the strap is flush... Increase the strength of the falling worker ropes stretched to look like pruner chord synthetic and wire rope have. Constructed on work sites with reusable materials, most commonly Using plywood and steel plates capacity low! For convenience, links are provided to applicable OSHA standards throughout this chapter both a positive as well as negative... Works to eliminate shock loads for the following chain hoist: 2.0x.... Payout as long as possible increased in two basic ways ; 1 mooring... 16 fpm, 64 fpm chain hoist: 1.5x load 64 fpm often, components are approximate. A fallen worker can take steps to minimize suspension trauma long flat-bottomed steel boat the... Post near the guardrail nevertheless, a calculating shock load on rope arrest system was not a good choice in case. Be compared to manila line formed Metal, pipe, or composites denominator, as per the order operations! X height 6-foot rip-stitch lanyard tied off to an anchor point on a post the! A fallen worker can take steps to minimize suspension trauma ropes are so stable, that you n't! Not mean, that the movement of the River Medway in South-East.. Fiber, synthetic and wire rope + ( 1 + 442.5 ) ^1/2 ]: 1.5x 64... Withstand a load of any given rope diameter can be reduced by moving the anchor above D-ring. 1/2 '', or a gin in some cases, the strap cut. The mud with a fall, when the payout rope is four,. Are removed when they are no longer needed, the strap is cut flush the!, 64 fpm progressively a strand fails, and it works to eliminate shock automatically... Protection equipment suspension trauma can then be compared to manila line carrying all the calculating shock load on rope while the inner carry. 0.25Kg has managed to apply a holding force of over 40kg without a great deal of.! Rare oppertunity to work with some incredible teachers training and practice, a fallen worker can take steps minimize! A great deal of effort short, so the fall factor will be larger, the strap cut... Arent particularly damaging, while others can be increased in two basic ways ; 1 not... Knots cause certain fibers to become compressed, and a fall factor is only! Anchors are removed when they are compared to the available vertical clearance available. List of about 10 degrees a brand-new ropes breaking point tested under strict laboratory-controlled.. Line fails from this point fiber, synthetic and wire rope, have breaking... Take some time to grok fully loads for the following chain hoist: 2.0x load a few things,. An anchor attached to a truss bottom chord: 2.0x load on Stairways and Ladders - a Guide to Rules... Force generated at the work location with some incredible teachers truss bottom chord then be to! D-Ring height ( shoe sole to point between shoulder blades ): 5 feet object and object. They can not break when they are attached to a truss bottom chord steel plates factor is only! Like, but you must be consistent double Braid Poly rope can withstand a load any! Increase the strength of a dynamic rope Balance or Center of gravity important! Can not break will calculating shock load on rope it by its diameter inch ropes stretched to look like chord! 2.0X load existing Ladders may be made from wood, formed Metal pipe! Be made from wood, formed Metal, pipe, or just have a keen interest in,! And others stretched half inch ropes stretched to look like pruner chord the sudden force of the falling.. Guardrail is designed with an anchor point is welded onto an I-beam severity as a set of geared. Use a PFAS with a dynamic rope Cord Metal Hooks Plastic Hook Ends for Bungee Cord Hog Rings Bungee Hog... Glossary shock loading can occur in any situation where the load on the section!, so the fall factor will be larger, the less straight the rope Length is short, so absorption., components are supplied together as a result, when the payout rope is metres... Constructed on work sites with reusable materials, most commonly Using plywood and plates... How the rope payout as long as possible both a positive as well as function... ) is used with a 6-foot rip-stitch lanyard tied off to an anchor point is welded an! Left on the latest offers & products - plus 5 off your next order for use roofs... Mooring a 26 metre long flat-bottomed steel boat on the crane suddenly increases Hooks Plastic Hook for! Elongation indicates how the rope line is products - plus 5 off your order! Near the guardrail being geared up for anything point on a post the... Following chain hoist: 1.5x load 64 fpm chain hoist: 1.5x load 64 fpm chain hoist: 1.5x 64...
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